Walter claek



3 Sheets-Sheet- 1.

(No Model.) W. CLARK.

PHOTOGRAPHIO CAMERA. No. 308,468. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR m flay 14 9/ flab/(7 dd BY Z TORNEYS.

3 SheetsSheet 2.

W. CLARK.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA.

(No Model.)

Patented Nov. 25, 1884.-

ATTORNEYS.

INVENTOR I WITNESSES: MW zz4% N. PETERS. Pholq! 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

W. O L ARK.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA.

Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

INVENTOR WITNESSES ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT @FFICII,

IVALTER CLARK, OF NE? YORK, N. Y.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 308,468, dated November 25.18841 (No model.)

To aZZ whom it 'nm z concern.-

Be it known that I, IVALTER CLARK, of the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The main object of my improvements is to provide a camera that does not require the plate-holder to be removed in order to obtain a focus, and replaced again for exposure of the plate; and to that end I provide a movable lens and a fixed focus-plate apart from the opening for the plate-holder. With these devices are combined shutters for instantaneous photographing, and operated automatically by the lens-holder, and for field work the camera is fitted in a case or bag of novel constructionand arrangement, all as hereinafter described and claimed.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a perspective viewoi" the camera and case. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 3 is a front elevation with the case in section and with the front of the camera partly removed. Fig. 4 is a detail view, looking at the back of the swinging door, and showing the sliding shutter. Fig. 5 is a detail View showing the catch for the moving lensholder. Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of the camera with the shutter fitted to swing instead of slide, and Fig. 7 is a cross-section at right angles to Fig. 6.

A is the box of the camera, divided by a vertical partition, a, that forms a space at one end of the box and receiving the lens, and b is a hinged door giving access to the interior. The door is retained closed by a spring-latch, I), catching a loop, on the door, and having a push-button for its operation to release the door.

In partition a and door I) are coincident lower apertures, c, and upper apertures, d, and the space behind the partition is divided by a partition, 6, commencing above thelower aperture and extending at an angle of fortyiive degreesto the back of the box.

Upon the inclined partition 6 is fixed a mirror, f, and in an opening in the top of box A, above the mirror, is the obj cot-glass 9, held in place by buttons or catches. In the rear of the box is an opening between supports it h on.

the outside, that receive the plate-holder B, of

either single or double form.

The lens-holder 0 (shown in Figs. 2 and 8) consists of a plate, 1 and atube, It, pivoted on an arbor, Z, at one side of the box, so that it may be swung to bring the tube in line with either the upper apertures, (l, or the lower one, 0, the plate being of a size and form to always cover the aperture not in use.

an is a butler-spring to relieve thei'all of the holder 0.

a is an arm projecting from the holder 0 through an opening in the box (see Fig. for use in raising the holder.

0 is a spring-catch, )ivoted at the slot so as to pass over the arm a, for retaining the lens when raised.

p is the lens-tube fitting tube 7:, so as to slide therein, and h ving a rack that when the holder is raised engages a pinion, q, on ashaft in theaipper part of the box. The shaft extends to the outside of the box.wherc a thumb wheel is provided, so that the shalt can be turned to adjust the lens.

In the operation with the parts, so far as described, the plate-holder being in place and lens-carrier C raised, the lens is adjusted until the object is properly focused on glass 1, to where the image is reflected by the mirror. The shutter of the plate-holder is then with drawn, the catch 0 pressed upon to release the lens-holder O, and the latter then falling the lens is brought to the lower apertures and the plate thus exposed, the focus on the plate being the same as on the glass at the top. By pressing on arm a the lens is raised again and the racl; engages the pinion, as before.

The length of exposure may be determined by any usual means. For instantaneous photography I provide a moving perforated shutter operated by the swinginglens-holder. In Figs. 2 and ithis shutter r is fitted in slideways at the back of door I), and is held up by a spring-catch, s, that engages a notch in the shutter, so that its aperture is at the focusing openings (Z. A pivoted arm, '1, having a beveled end extending beneath catch 8, has also a projection, inthe path of the lens-holder, so that when the latter reaches its extreme downward position, i, the holder strikes the projeetion t, forcing catch 8 forward and releasing the shutter, which then drops far enough to carry the aperture past the opening 0. The catch 8 may also be operated from the outside by a button, 8.

In Figs. 6 and 7 the shutter r is made to retate in connection with the lower aperture, 0. It is hung on a pivot, a, and a coiled spring, a, 011 an arbor, w, is connected to the shutter, which spring, when released, throws the shutter over. The arbor 20* has a spring-arm and vCatch a for ad'ustin the tension of the spring, which when properly set is held by the catch engaging one of the holes in the supporting-bracket. A knob, 10, on pivot-pin it serves for turning the shutter back, and in this position it is held by a catch, 5, which has a pivoted trip, s". On the lens-holder is a projection, '20, that forces the trip behind the catch, thereby releasing the shutter. The trip may be turned up, when it is preferred to release the catch, by the linger-button .9.

hen the instantaneous shutter is not to be used, the time of exposure may be regulated by any suitable means. For that purpose the hinged pneumatic shutter b, Fig. 2, is pro vidcdat aperture 0, in partition a, and a spring, 0', acts to raise the shutter, and thus close the aperture. Between this shutter Z) and the partition is an elastic bulb, 0', connected by a tube, (1, to a bulb, c, at the outside of the camera. "When bulb c is compressed, the bulb c is inflated and the shutter moved down for exposure of the plate, and the shutter is instantly raised again by the spring when bulb c is released. \Vhere this pneumatic shutter is combined in the same camera with an instantaneous shutter, a catch, as shown at in Fi 1 is )rovided for holdin shutter s i l s I) down.

The camera is inclosed in a bag or case, 1), of flexible material, made with a hinged frame, a, at the top, which may be opened to give access to the obj eet-glass, and the case has openings in its sides at the apertures to allow access when required. At the top the case is fitted with a diaphragm, c of flexible material, having an aperture over the object-glass, so as to serve as a hood in the focusing. This case serves to protect the camera and as aconvenient means for carrying it.

I do not limit myself to the special construction shown in respect to the division of the camera-box and location of the lens and object-glass, as these may be differently arranged and obtain the same results.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as ne v, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A photographic-camera box having a partition forming a separate focusing-cham her with an object-glass in one side thereof, and a movable lens constructed to coincide with either of said apertures, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, in a camera-box having separate apertures e (Z, of partition 0, mirrorf, objectglass g, and movable lcnsholdcr G, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with acamera-box having a separate focusing-chamber, ot' a lens fitted for movementinto position at either the focusing or exposure apertures, substantially as described.

at. The combination, with a camera having a separate focusing-chamber, of the pivoted lens-holder G, and a catch for retaining the holder in a raised position, substantially as described.

5. The COlIlbllltLtlOll,\Vltll a camera having a separate focusing-chambcr, of the movable lens-holder 0, lens tube 1), provided with a rack, and a shaft and pinion, q, substantially as described.

(3. The combination, with a camerahaving a separate focusing-chamber, a pinion for adjusting the lens, and a movable lens having a rack that engages the pinion in one position, of the lens, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with a camera having a separate l'ocnsing-chamber, oi'swinging lensholder 0, arm n, and catch 3, substantially as described.

8. In a camera having a swinging lensholder, the combination therewith of a bufferspring, substantially as described.

9. In a camera, the diaphragm or hood a, combined with a case having a folding top, substantially as described.

10. The combination, with a camera having a swinging lens-holder and separate focusingchamber, of a movable shutter covering the exposure-aperture, and a trip for releasing the shutter, substantially as described.

11. The combination, with a camera having a swinging lens-holder and a separate focusing-chamber, of a pivoted shutter covering the exposure-aperture and fitted to rotate for exposure of the plate, substantially as described.

12. The combination, with a camera having a swinging lens-holder and a separate l'ocusing-chamber, of the pivoted shutter 1, spring 1), and catch 8, substantially as described, for operation, as specified.

13. In a camera having a separate focusingchamber and a movable lens, a moving shutter for instantaneous work, arranged to be antomatically released by the lens-holder when moved, substantially as described.

14:. The ease D, having a hinged frame, a, combined with a camera, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

XV) LTER CLARK.

lVitn esses:

O. SEDGWICK, EDWARD M. CLARK. 

